My daughter Kate and I were home alone Friday night, and decided to watch a movie. We have digital cable, and were able to find “Nancy Drew Detective” circa 1938. Nancy is able to solve this mystery with the help of a mysterious message attached to the leg of a homing pigeon. Nancy wires the International Federation of American Homing Pigeon Fanciers to find the owner of the pigeon. This proves to be one of the keys to solving the puzzle.
Saturday, Kate and I went to the Moffatt-Ladd House in downtown Portsmouth to celebrate the 230th birthday of a Horsechestnut tree. The tree is often called Portsmouth’s Tree of Independence as it was brought back from Philadelphia in 1776 by William Whipple, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, and planted to commemorate his trip.
I learned quite a bit about chestnut trees, and we were given an actual chestnut from the tree to plant ourselves. The chestnut, if protected and planted well, should begin producing little chestnuts of its own in eighteen to twenty years.
While there, I noticed that the barn had been altered to house pigeons. After watching Nancy Drew the night before, this was too much coincidence for me. It seems that pigeons were an important source of food back then –much like chicken is today. The barns were altered to provide roosting places for pigeons that were actively raised.
According to a Mother Earth News article, a pair of breeding pigeons can produce 12 -14 chicks in the course of a year. The chicks are generally allowed to grow for about a month. At that point it is considered to be a “Squab” weighing close to a pound, and just about ready for the oven. The Squab, when prepared, is generally one serving.
I counted 128 holes in the barn. Pigeons are monogamous and retain the same mate for life, so there was capacity for 64 breeding pairs. If you consider the low end of squab production to be 12 chicks per year, then these folks ate something like 768 squab per year.
By the way, Homing pigeons are capable of sustained flight for up to thirteen hours at speeds of up to 40 to 45 miles per hour. Philadelphia is about 335 miles “as the pigeon flies” from Portsmouth, and so is an easy 8 hour flight. General William Whipple could have been sent a message via pigeon back to his wife at 9 in the morning, and his wife could have read about the newly declared independence while eating the tired pigeon for dinner that night.
Update:
I was worried that my calculations on the amount of squab served at this house may have been overstated. I therefore contacted an officer of the National Pigeon Association to verify my calculations. His response:
If there is holes for 128 pigeons and there is a space behind each one of the holes there could have been 128 pairs of pigeons using the building. If they open into an open space there could have been even more pairs of pigeons, if they were serving 700 squabs each year this would be easy from 128 pairs of pigeons since they do raise the numbers you mention.
Both birds of a pair would normally be using the same hole.
The pigeon holes did open into an open space in the barn, and so, it seems that I was conservative in my estimate with a potential ceiling in annual squab servings of 1500-1800 birds.